/* SPARQL 1.1 Query Language * version http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-sparql11-query-20130321/ * extracted from http://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-query/ on Tue Apr 2, 2013, 08:59 (UTC+03) */ QueryUnit ::= Query Query ::= Prologue ( SelectQuery | ConstructQuery | DescribeQuery | AskQuery ) ValuesClause UpdateUnit ::= Update Prologue ::= ( BaseDecl | PrefixDecl )* BaseDecl ::= 'BASE' IRIREF PrefixDecl ::= 'PREFIX' PNAME_NS IRIREF SelectQuery ::= SelectClause DatasetClause* WhereClause SolutionModifier SubSelect ::= SelectClause WhereClause SolutionModifier ValuesClause SelectClause ::= 'SELECT' ( 'DISTINCT' | 'REDUCED' )? ( ( Var | ( '(' Expression 'AS' Var ')' ) )+ | '*' ) ConstructQuery ::= 'CONSTRUCT' ( ConstructTemplate DatasetClause* WhereClause SolutionModifier | DatasetClause* 'WHERE' '{' TriplesTemplate? '}' SolutionModifier ) DescribeQuery ::= 'DESCRIBE' ( VarOrIri+ | '*' ) DatasetClause* WhereClause? SolutionModifier AskQuery ::= 'ASK' DatasetClause* WhereClause SolutionModifier DatasetClause ::= 'FROM' ( DefaultGraphClause | NamedGraphClause ) DefaultGraphClause ::= SourceSelector NamedGraphClause ::= 'NAMED' SourceSelector SourceSelector ::= iri WhereClause ::= 'WHERE'? GroupGraphPattern SolutionModifier ::= GroupClause? HavingClause? OrderClause? LimitOffsetClauses? GroupClause ::= 'GROUP' 'BY' GroupCondition+ GroupCondition ::= BuiltInCall | FunctionCall | '(' Expression ( 'AS' Var )? ')' | Var HavingClause ::= 'HAVING' HavingCondition+ HavingCondition ::= Constraint OrderClause ::= 'ORDER' 'BY' OrderCondition+ OrderCondition ::= ( ( 'ASC' | 'DESC' ) BrackettedExpression ) | ( Constraint | Var ) LimitOffsetClauses ::= LimitClause OffsetClause? | OffsetClause LimitClause? LimitClause ::= 'LIMIT' INTEGER OffsetClause ::= 'OFFSET' INTEGER ValuesClause ::= ( 'VALUES' DataBlock )? Update ::= Prologue ( Update1 ( ';' Update )? )? Update1 ::= Load | Clear | Drop | Add | Move | Copy | Create | InsertData | DeleteData | DeleteWhere | Modify Load ::= 'LOAD' 'SILENT'? iri ( 'INTO' GraphRef )? Clear ::= 'CLEAR' 'SILENT'? GraphRefAll Drop ::= 'DROP' 'SILENT'? GraphRefAll Create ::= 'CREATE' 'SILENT'? GraphRef Add ::= 'ADD' 'SILENT'? GraphOrDefault 'TO' GraphOrDefault Move ::= 'MOVE' 'SILENT'? GraphOrDefault 'TO' GraphOrDefault Copy ::= 'COPY' 'SILENT'? GraphOrDefault 'TO' GraphOrDefault InsertData ::= 'INSERT DATA' QuadData DeleteData ::= 'DELETE DATA' QuadData DeleteWhere ::= 'DELETE WHERE' QuadPattern Modify ::= ( 'WITH' iri )? ( DeleteClause InsertClause? | InsertClause ) UsingClause* 'WHERE' GroupGraphPattern DeleteClause ::= 'DELETE' QuadPattern InsertClause ::= 'INSERT' QuadPattern UsingClause ::= 'USING' ( iri | 'NAMED' iri ) GraphOrDefault ::= 'DEFAULT' | 'GRAPH'? iri GraphRef ::= 'GRAPH' iri GraphRefAll ::= GraphRef | 'DEFAULT' | 'NAMED' | 'ALL' QuadPattern ::= '{' Quads '}' QuadData ::= '{' Quads '}' Quads ::= TriplesTemplate? ( QuadsNotTriples '.'? TriplesTemplate? )* QuadsNotTriples ::= 'GRAPH' VarOrIri '{' TriplesTemplate? '}' TriplesTemplate ::= TriplesSameSubject ( '.' TriplesTemplate? )? GroupGraphPattern ::= '{' ( SubSelect | GroupGraphPatternSub ) '}' GroupGraphPatternSub ::= TriplesBlock? ( GraphPatternNotTriples '.'? TriplesBlock? )* TriplesBlock ::= TriplesSameSubjectPath ( '.' TriplesBlock? )? GraphPatternNotTriples ::= GroupOrUnionGraphPattern | OptionalGraphPattern | MinusGraphPattern | GraphGraphPattern | ServiceGraphPattern | Filter | Bind | InlineData OptionalGraphPattern ::= 'OPTIONAL' GroupGraphPattern GraphGraphPattern ::= 'GRAPH' VarOrIri GroupGraphPattern ServiceGraphPattern ::= 'SERVICE' 'SILENT'? VarOrIri GroupGraphPattern Bind ::= 'BIND' '(' Expression 'AS' Var ')' InlineData ::= 'VALUES' DataBlock DataBlock ::= InlineDataOneVar | InlineDataFull InlineDataOneVar ::= Var '{' DataBlockValue* '}' InlineDataFull ::= ( NIL | '(' Var* ')' ) '{' ( '(' DataBlockValue* ')' | NIL )* '}' DataBlockValue ::= iri | RDFLiteral | NumericLiteral | BooleanLiteral | 'UNDEF' MinusGraphPattern ::= 'MINUS' GroupGraphPattern GroupOrUnionGraphPattern ::= GroupGraphPattern ( 'UNION' GroupGraphPattern )* Filter ::= 'FILTER' Constraint Constraint ::= BrackettedExpression | BuiltInCall | FunctionCall FunctionCall ::= iri ArgList ArgList ::= NIL | '(' 'DISTINCT'? Expression ( ',' Expression )* ')' ExpressionList ::= NIL | '(' Expression ( ',' Expression )* ')' ConstructTemplate ::= '{' ConstructTriples? '}' ConstructTriples ::= TriplesSameSubject ( '.' ConstructTriples? )? TriplesSameSubject ::= VarOrTerm PropertyListNotEmpty | TriplesNode PropertyList PropertyList ::= PropertyListNotEmpty? PropertyListNotEmpty ::= Verb ObjectList ( ';' ( Verb ObjectList )? )* Verb ::= VarOrIri | 'a' ObjectList ::= Object ( ',' Object )* Object ::= GraphNode TriplesSameSubjectPath ::= VarOrTerm PropertyListPathNotEmpty | TriplesNodePath PropertyListPath PropertyListPath ::= PropertyListPathNotEmpty? PropertyListPathNotEmpty ::= ( VerbPath | VerbSimple ) ObjectListPath ( ';' ( ( VerbPath | VerbSimple ) ObjectList )? )* VerbPath ::= Path VerbSimple ::= Var ObjectListPath ::= ObjectPath ( ',' ObjectPath )* ObjectPath ::= GraphNodePath Path ::= PathAlternative PathAlternative ::= PathSequence ( '|' PathSequence )* PathSequence ::= PathEltOrInverse ( '/' PathEltOrInverse )* PathElt ::= PathPrimary PathMod? PathEltOrInverse ::= PathElt | '^' PathElt PathMod ::= '?' | '*' | '+' PathPrimary ::= iri | 'a' | '!' PathNegatedPropertySet | '(' Path ')' PathNegatedPropertySet ::= PathOneInPropertySet | '(' ( PathOneInPropertySet ( '|' PathOneInPropertySet )* )? ')' PathOneInPropertySet ::= iri | 'a' | '^' ( iri | 'a' ) Integer ::= INTEGER TriplesNode ::= Collection | BlankNodePropertyList BlankNodePropertyList ::= '[' PropertyListNotEmpty ']' TriplesNodePath ::= CollectionPath | BlankNodePropertyListPath BlankNodePropertyListPath ::= '[' PropertyListPathNotEmpty ']' Collection ::= '(' GraphNode+ ')' CollectionPath ::= '(' GraphNodePath+ ')' GraphNode ::= VarOrTerm | TriplesNode GraphNodePath ::= VarOrTerm | TriplesNodePath VarOrTerm ::= Var | GraphTerm VarOrIri ::= Var | iri Var ::= VAR1 | VAR2 GraphTerm ::= iri | RDFLiteral | NumericLiteral | BooleanLiteral | BlankNode | NIL Expression ::= ConditionalOrExpression ConditionalOrExpression ::= ConditionalAndExpression ( '||' ConditionalAndExpression )* ConditionalAndExpression ::= ValueLogical ( '&&' ValueLogical )* ValueLogical ::= RelationalExpression RelationalExpression ::= NumericExpression ( '=' NumericExpression | '!=' NumericExpression | '<' NumericExpression | '>' NumericExpression | '<=' NumericExpression | '>=' NumericExpression | 'IN' ExpressionList | 'NOT' 'IN' ExpressionList )? NumericExpression ::= AdditiveExpression AdditiveExpression ::= MultiplicativeExpression ( '+' MultiplicativeExpression | '-' MultiplicativeExpression | ( NumericLiteralPositive | NumericLiteralNegative ) ( ( '*' UnaryExpression ) | ( '/' UnaryExpression ) )* )* MultiplicativeExpression ::= UnaryExpression ( '*' UnaryExpression | '/' UnaryExpression )* UnaryExpression ::= '!' PrimaryExpression | '+' PrimaryExpression | '-' PrimaryExpression | PrimaryExpression PrimaryExpression ::= BrackettedExpression | BuiltInCall | iriOrFunction | RDFLiteral | NumericLiteral | BooleanLiteral | Var BrackettedExpression ::= '(' Expression ')' BuiltInCall ::= Aggregate | 'STR' '(' Expression ')' | 'LANG' '(' Expression ')' | 'LANGMATCHES' '(' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'DATATYPE' '(' Expression ')' | 'BOUND' '(' Var ')' | 'IRI' '(' Expression ')' | 'URI' '(' Expression ')' | 'BNODE' ( '(' Expression ')' | NIL ) | 'RAND' NIL | 'ABS' '(' Expression ')' | 'CEIL' '(' Expression ')' | 'FLOOR' '(' Expression ')' | 'ROUND' '(' Expression ')' | 'CONCAT' ExpressionList | SubstringExpression | 'STRLEN' '(' Expression ')' | StrReplaceExpression | 'UCASE' '(' Expression ')' | 'LCASE' '(' Expression ')' | 'ENCODE_FOR_URI' '(' Expression ')' | 'CONTAINS' '(' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'STRSTARTS' '(' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'STRENDS' '(' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'STRBEFORE' '(' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'STRAFTER' '(' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'YEAR' '(' Expression ')' | 'MONTH' '(' Expression ')' | 'DAY' '(' Expression ')' | 'HOURS' '(' Expression ')' | 'MINUTES' '(' Expression ')' | 'SECONDS' '(' Expression ')' | 'TIMEZONE' '(' Expression ')' | 'TZ' '(' Expression ')' | 'NOW' NIL | 'UUID' NIL | 'STRUUID' NIL | 'MD5' '(' Expression ')' | 'SHA1' '(' Expression ')' | 'SHA256' '(' Expression ')' | 'SHA384' '(' Expression ')' | 'SHA512' '(' Expression ')' | 'COALESCE' ExpressionList | 'IF' '(' Expression ',' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'STRLANG' '(' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'STRDT' '(' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'sameTerm' '(' Expression ',' Expression ')' | 'isIRI' '(' Expression ')' | 'isURI' '(' Expression ')' | 'isBLANK' '(' Expression ')' | 'isLITERAL' '(' Expression ')' | 'isNUMERIC' '(' Expression ')' | RegexExpression | ExistsFunc | NotExistsFunc RegexExpression ::= 'REGEX' '(' Expression ',' Expression ( ',' Expression )? ')' SubstringExpression ::= 'SUBSTR' '(' Expression ',' Expression ( ',' Expression )? ')' StrReplaceExpression ::= 'REPLACE' '(' Expression ',' Expression ',' Expression ( ',' Expression )? ')' ExistsFunc ::= 'EXISTS' GroupGraphPattern NotExistsFunc ::= 'NOT' 'EXISTS' GroupGraphPattern Aggregate ::= 'COUNT' '(' 'DISTINCT'? ( '*' | Expression ) ')' | 'SUM' '(' 'DISTINCT'? Expression ')' | 'MIN' '(' 'DISTINCT'? Expression ')' | 'MAX' '(' 'DISTINCT'? Expression ')' | 'AVG' '(' 'DISTINCT'? Expression ')' | 'SAMPLE' '(' 'DISTINCT'? Expression ')' | 'GROUP_CONCAT' '(' 'DISTINCT'? Expression ( ';' 'SEPARATOR' '=' String )? ')' iriOrFunction ::= iri ArgList? RDFLiteral ::= String ( LANGTAG | ( '^^' iri ) )? NumericLiteral ::= NumericLiteralUnsigned | NumericLiteralPositive | NumericLiteralNegative NumericLiteralUnsigned ::= INTEGER | DECIMAL | DOUBLE NumericLiteralPositive ::= INTEGER_POSITIVE | DECIMAL_POSITIVE | DOUBLE_POSITIVE NumericLiteralNegative ::= INTEGER_NEGATIVE | DECIMAL_NEGATIVE | DOUBLE_NEGATIVE BooleanLiteral ::= 'true' | 'false' String ::= STRING_LITERAL1 | STRING_LITERAL2 | STRING_LITERAL_LONG1 | STRING_LITERAL_LONG2 iri ::= IRIREF | PrefixedName PrefixedName ::= PNAME_LN | PNAME_NS BlankNode ::= BLANK_NODE_LABEL | ANON IRIREF ::= '<' ([^<>"{}|^`\]-[#x00-#x20])* '>' PNAME_NS ::= PN_PREFIX? ':' PNAME_LN ::= PNAME_NS PN_LOCAL BLANK_NODE_LABEL ::= '_:' ( PN_CHARS_U | [0-9] ) ((PN_CHARS|'.')* PN_CHARS)? VAR1 ::= '?' VARNAME VAR2 ::= '$' VARNAME LANGTAG ::= '@' [a-zA-Z]+ ('-' [a-zA-Z0-9]+)* INTEGER ::= [0-9]+ DECIMAL ::= [0-9]* '.' [0-9]+ DOUBLE ::= [0-9]+ '.' [0-9]* EXPONENT | '.' ([0-9])+ EXPONENT | ([0-9])+ EXPONENT INTEGER_POSITIVE ::= '+' INTEGER DECIMAL_POSITIVE ::= '+' DECIMAL DOUBLE_POSITIVE ::= '+' DOUBLE INTEGER_NEGATIVE ::= '-' INTEGER DECIMAL_NEGATIVE ::= '-' DECIMAL DOUBLE_NEGATIVE ::= '-' DOUBLE EXPONENT ::= [eE] [+-]? [0-9]+ STRING_LITERAL1 ::= "'" ( ([^#x27#x5C#xA#xD]) | ECHAR )* "'" STRING_LITERAL2 ::= '"' ( ([^#x22#x5C#xA#xD]) | ECHAR )* '"' STRING_LITERAL_LONG1 ::= "'''" ( ( "'" | "''" )? ( [^'\] | ECHAR ) )* "'''" STRING_LITERAL_LONG2 ::= '"""' ( ( '"' | '""' )? ( [^"\] | ECHAR ) )* '"""' ECHAR ::= '\' [tbnrf\"'] NIL ::= '(' WS* ')' WS ::= #x20 | #x9 | #xD | #xA ANON ::= '[' WS* ']' PN_CHARS_BASE ::= [A-Z] | [a-z] | [#x00C0-#x00D6] | [#x00D8-#x00F6] | [#x00F8-#x02FF] | [#x0370-#x037D] | [#x037F-#x1FFF] | [#x200C-#x200D] | [#x2070-#x218F] | [#x2C00-#x2FEF] | [#x3001-#xD7FF] | [#xF900-#xFDCF] | [#xFDF0-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#xEFFFF] PN_CHARS_U ::= PN_CHARS_BASE | '_' VARNAME ::= ( PN_CHARS_U | [0-9] ) ( PN_CHARS_U | [0-9] | #x00B7 | [#x0300-#x036F] | [#x203F-#x2040] )* PN_CHARS ::= PN_CHARS_U | '-' | [0-9] | #x00B7 | [#x0300-#x036F] | [#x203F-#x2040] PN_PREFIX ::= PN_CHARS_BASE ((PN_CHARS|'.')* PN_CHARS)? PN_LOCAL ::= (PN_CHARS_U | ':' | [0-9] | PLX ) ((PN_CHARS | '.' | ':' | PLX)* (PN_CHARS | ':' | PLX) )? PLX ::= PERCENT | PN_LOCAL_ESC PERCENT ::= '%' HEX HEX HEX ::= [0-9] | [A-F] | [a-f] PN_LOCAL_ESC ::= '\' ( '_' | '~' | '.' | '-' | '!' | '$' | '&' | "'" | '(' | ')' | '*' | '+' | ',' | ';' | '=' | '/' | '?' | '#' | '@' | '%' )