euBusinessGraph ontology

Address^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#Address

Scope Notes:

• Every data provider should strive to provide NUTS3 for each address. This can be done in cooperation, using the techniques described in Address Calculations above.
• Should be linked as registered address (one) or other address (multiple).

is in domain of

address area (neighbourhood/quarter)^dp, admin unit^op, admin unit level 1^op, admin unit level 2^op, admin unit level 3^op, admin unit level 4^op, admin unit level 5^op, admin unit level 6^op, full address^dp, geographic coordinates^op, locator designator (street number)^dp, post code^dp, post name (locality/city/settlement)^dp, post office box^dp, thoroughfare (street address)^dp

is in range of

registered site/address^op, site's address^op

Concept^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept

is in domain of

concept level^dp, exclusion note^dp, order^dp

is in range of

economic activity^op, economic activity transitive^op

Concept Scheme^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#ConceptScheme

Geographic coordinates^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/GeoCoordinates

is in domain of

geocoordinate resolution^op, latitude^dp, longitude^dp

is in range of

geographic coordinates^op

Identifier^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#Identifier

Scope Notes:

• The identifier value is recorded in skos:notation and the issuer/register in dct:creator.

is in domain of

expires^dp, is part of^op, issued on^dp, issuer^op, notation (identifier value)^dp

is in range of

identifier^op, official registration^op

Identifier System^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#IdentifierSystem

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Some agencies/registers keep several identifier systems; this ontology doesn't distinguish between an identifier system and its register(s)

Examples:

• http://www.registryagency.bg keeps the systems used by The Trade Register http://brra.bg for companies, and The Bulstat Register http://www.bulstat.bg/ for other entities

is in domain of

author^op, has enumerated identifiers^dp, has immutable identifiers^dp, has persistent identifiers^dp, has unique identifiers^dp, identifier^op, identifier system RAL code^dp, identifier system publisher^dp, identifier web resource^op, is official in jurisdiction^dp, is public^dp, is single-valued^dp, issuer^op, jurisdiction^dp, license^op, notation (identifier value)^dp, preferred name^dp, replacement pattern^dp, validation regex^dp, validation rule^op, web resource^op

is in range of

is part of^op

Identifier Web Resource^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#IdentifierWebResource

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• This class has ebg:urlTemplate, and the same general properties as Web Resource: name, MIME type, language

is in domain of

MIME Type^dp, URL template^dp, name^dp

is in range of

identifier web resource^op

LAU Region^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#LAURegion

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• LAU1 BG: Общини (Obshtini)
• LAU1 CH: Bezirke Districts Distretti
• LAU1 CY: Επαρχίες (Eparchies)
• LAU1 CZ: Okresy
• LAU1 DE: Verwaltungs- gemeinschaften
• LAU1 DK: Kommuner
• LAU1 EE: Maakond
• LAU1 EL: Δήμοι, Κοινότητες (Demoi, Koinotites)
• LAU1 FI: Seutukunnat / Ekonomiska regioner
• LAU1 FR: Cantons de rattachement
• LAU1 HU: Statisztikai kistérségek
• LAU1 IE: Counties, Cities
• LAU1 IS: Landsvædi
• LAU1 LI: Landschaften
• LAU1 LT: Savivaldybės
• LAU1 LU: Cantons
• LAU1 ME: Општине (Opštine)
• LAU1 MK: Општини (Opštini)
• LAU1 MT: Distretti
• LAU1 NO: Økonomiske regioner
• LAU1 PL: Powiaty i miasta na prawach powiatu
• LAU1 PT: Concelhos - Munícipios
• LAU1 SI: Upravne enote
• LAU1 SK: Okresy
• LAU1 TR: Ilceler
• LAU1 UK: Lower tier authorities (districts) or individual unitary authorities; Individual unitary authorities or LECs (or parts thereof); Districts
• LAU2 AL: Bashki / Komunë
• LAU2 AT: Gemeinden
• LAU2 BE: Gemeenten / Communes
• LAU2 BG: Населени места (Naseleni mesta)
• LAU2 CH: Gemeinden Communes Comuni
• LAU2 CY: Δήμοι, Κοινότητες (Dimoi, koinotites)
• LAU2 CZ: Obce
• LAU2 DE: Gemeinden
• LAU2 DK: Sogne
• LAU2 EE: Linn, vald
• LAU2 EL: Δημοτικές / Τοπικές Κοινότητες (Dimotikes / Topikes Koinotites - Municipal / Local Communes)
• LAU2 ES: Municipios
• LAU2 FI: Kunnat / Kommuner
• LAU2 FR: Communes
• LAU2 HR: Gradovi i općine
• LAU2 HU: Települések
• LAU2 IE: Electoral Districts
• LAU2 IS: Sveitarfélög
• LAU2 IT: Comuni
• LAU2 LI: Gemeinden
• LAU2 LT: Seniūnijos
• LAU2 LU: Communes
• LAU2 LV: Republikas pilsētas, novadi
• LAU2 ME: Насеља (Naselja)
• LAU2 MK: Населени места (Naseleni mesta)
• LAU2 MT: Kunsilli
• LAU2 NL: Gemeenten
• LAU2 NO: Kommuner
• LAU2 PL: Gminy
• LAU2 PT: Freguesias
• LAU2 RO: Comuni + Municipiu + Orase
• LAU2 SE: Kommuner
• LAU2 SI: Občine
• LAU2 SK: Obce
• LAU2 TR: Köy
• LAU2 UK: Wards (or parts thereof)

Source:

• http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/national-structures-eu
• http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/correspondence-tables/national-structures-non-eu

is in domain of

admin region level^dp, admin region name^dp, code^dp

is in range of

admin unit^op, admin unit level 5^op, admin unit level 6^op

Membership^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#Membership

Scope Notes:

• it is acceptable to use the same Membership node for several officers, if they had exactly the same role and membership interval (e.g. in many countries the Board is appointed and discharged at the same interval, namely between AGMs of the company)

is in domain of

company^op, duration^op, member^op, role^op

NUTS Region^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://rdfdata.eionet.europa.eu/ramon/ontology/NUTSRegion

is in domain of

admin region level^dp, admin region name^dp, code^dp

is in range of

admin unit^op, admin unit level 1^op, admin unit level 2^op, admin unit level 3^op, admin unit level 4^op

Officer^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/person#Person

is in domain of

birth name^dp

is in range of

member^op

Registered Organization^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/regorg#RegisteredOrganization

Scope Notes:

• Registered organizations are the main entities that euBusinessGraph works with (the project is not concerned with unregistered informal groups). The borderline between public organizations and commercial companies is not always clear-cut (a company may be partially owned by government, and e.g. Public-Private-Partnerships are a prime example), so the project may deal with some organizations that are not companies. But for brevity and convenience we often call them Companies [ebg:].

Examples:

• All entities listed on an exchange.
• All entities that issue equity, debt or other securities for other capital structures.
• All entities that trade stock or debt, investment vehicles, including mutual funds, pension funds and alternative investment vehicles constituted as corporate entities or collective investment agreements (including umbrella funds as well as funds under an umbrella structure, hedge funds, private equity funds, etc.).
• All entities under the purview of a financial regulator and their affiliates, subsidiaries and holding companies.
• All financial intermediaries.
• Banks and finance companies.
• Counterparties to financial transactions.

is in domain of

alt label (trade name)^dp, certified email address^op, dissolution date^dp, dissolution year^dp, economic activity^op, economic activity text^dp, economic activity transitive^op, founding date^dp, founding year^dp, identifier^op, is publicly traded^dp, is startup^dp, is state owned^dp, jurisdiction^dp, language^dp, legal name^dp, news/blog feed^op, official registration^op, preferred name^dp, registered site/address^op, site/address^op, status^op, status text^dp, type^op, type text^dp, website^op, wikipedia page^op

Role^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#Role

Scope Notes:

• Instances of this class describe the abstract role; to denote a specific instance of a person playing that role in a specific organization use an instance of org:Membership.

is in range of

role^op

Site^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#Site

Scope Notes:

• EBG doesn't need the distinction between org:Site and locn:Address, so we use one node having both types, and a self link org:siteAddress

is in domain of

site's address^op

is in range of

site/address^op

Web Resource^c back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#WebResource

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

is in domain of

MIME Type^dp, name^dp, website^op

is in range of

web resource^op

admin unit^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#adminUnit

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• The lowest-level property of locn:adminUnitL1..2 and ebg:adminUnitL3..6. Used for faceting by place.

admin unit level 1^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#adminUnitL1

Examples:

• nuts:IT (Italy).

admin unit level 2^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#adminUnitL2

Examples:

• nuts:ITC NORD-OVEST (Nord-est).

admin unit level 3^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#adminUnitL3

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Use a valid NUTS region. Eg Trentino-Alto Adige/Sudtirol (taken from the Geonames hierarchy above) is not a NUTS region.

Examples:

• nuts:ITC2 Valle d'Aosta/Vallée d'Aoste
• nuts:ITH2 Provincia Autonoma di Trento

admin unit level 4^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#adminUnitL4

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• nuts:ITC20 Aosta
• nuts:ITH31 Verona

admin unit level 5^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#adminUnitL5

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Some countries (e.g. Bulgaria) use both LAU1 and LAU2 levels. Others (e.g. Italy) use only LAU2.

admin unit level 6^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#adminUnitL6

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Some countries (e.g. Bulgaria) use both LAU1 and LAU2 levels. Others (e.g. Italy) use only LAU2.

author^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/author

Examples:

• Dun and Bradstreet specified DUNS numbers
• GLEIF specified GLEI
• GLEIF specified LEI structure and rules, then formalied it as ISO 17442:2012 Financial services -- Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)
• W3C or TimBL specified web URLs
• W3C specified web URL rules

certified email address^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/email

Scope Notes:

• The value should be a mailto: URL.
• euBusinessGraph does not record other company emails, so there is no need to distinguish between different kinds

Examples:

• mailto:elettorale@pec.comune.trento.it

company^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#organization

duration^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#memberDuring

Scope Notes:

• for the common case of missing time, we prefer to use xsd:date rather than completing it with a fake null time, eg "<date>T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime.

economic activity^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/regorg#orgActivity

Scope Notes:

• More detailed national classifications could also useful (e.g. IT ATECO, UK SIC, BG NKID) but are not supported for now. Providers should drop eventual NACE National Extensions trailing digits.
• Only the most specific classification code(s) should be provided since we have a skos:broader hierarchy.
• Recorded using a controlled vocabulary: EC NACE 2. Values should be like nace:A, nace:42.50, etc
• Values are taken from the euBusinessGraph NACE ConceptScheme. URL template: nace:([A-Z]|[0-9]{2}|[0-9]{2}\\.[0-9]{1,2}). Providers must use exact codes of the specified form

economic activity transitive^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#orgActivityTransitive

Scope Notes:

• Transive closure of rov:orgActivity along the skos:broader hierarchy

geocoordinate resolution^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#geoResolution

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• If geo coordinates are present, resolution must be present too, even if it's a guess. There is no default value.
• Values must be mapped to the <resolution/> ConceptScheme (lookup list).

geographic coordinates^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/geo

Scope Notes:

• If data is integrated from several providers, we may end up with multiple coordinate pairs in that node, which will need to be resolved into one.

identifier^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/adms#identifier

Scope Notes:

• For Identifier Systems, we use codes issued by euBusinessGraph. For official Identifier Systems (country registers), we use the jurisdiction code (e.g. 'BG', 'GB'). For other identifier systems, we use a short mnemonic code: - upper-case for company registers (e.g. 'OCORP', 'SDATI', 'RAL', 'EU', 'BRIS'), - mixed-case for social network registers (eg 'Twitter', 'Facebook'). This code is used as the last URL part for identifiers issued in that system.
• This includes, but is not limited to: - Direct: Identifier in some aggregated dataset, where the official ID is part of the aggregation ID. - Indirect: Identifier in some aggregated dataset or for a website, where the aggregation ID bears no resemblance to the official ID - Multiple: Identifier that has a many-to-many relation with the company, i.e., a company may have several identifiers of the same kind, and the same identifier can be used by several companies.

Examples:

• Direct: EU VAT number (in those jurisdictions where it is used as the primary company identifier), BRIS id, OCORP id.
• Indirect: BG GUID 617f4edf8c154f4296efdf146513de21, which corresponds to official id 204060254 and can be used to reach the official register page for that company
• Indirect: GLEI LEI, SDATI Atoka ID.
• Multiple: bank license, insurance license, license to trade dual-use goods (arms), Twitter account, Facebook account.

identifier web resource^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#identifierWebResource

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Specifies a template that can be used uniformly to build URLs for all identifiers in the system.

Examples:

• 'https://opencorporates.com/companies/{}' with MIME type 'text/html'
• 'https://opencorporates.com/companies/{}.json' with MIME type 'application/json'
• 'https://opencorporates.com/companies/{}.rdf' with MIME type 'application/rdf+xml'
• 'https://opencorporates.com/companies/{}.xml' with MIME type 'application/xml'

is part of^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/isPartOf

issuer^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator

Scope Notes:

• In many countries there is a single registry although in others, such as Spain and Germany, multiple registries exist. [rov:].
• Many agencies keep several registries; this ontology doesn't distinguish between an identifier system and its register(s)

Examples:

• Companies House is the issuer for the official UK identifier system.
• Dun and Bradstreet issues DUNS numbers.
• GLEI Foundation (GLEIF) issues identifiers for the world-wide GLEI register (through its Local Operating Units, LOU).
• Web URLs are not issued by any central agency and there is no register to consult.
• http://www.registryagency.bg keeps both Trade Register http://brra.bg for companies, and Bulstat Register http://www.bulstat.bg/ for other entities

license^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/license

Scope Notes:

• If possible, use established license URLs, e.g. from https://creativecommons.org/ or http://rightsstatements.org/

member^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#member

news/blog feed^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#feed

Examples:

• http://www.comune.ancona.gov.it/ankonline/anconaentrate/feed/

official registration^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/regorg#registration

Scope Notes:

• In some cases we may not have info about the official registration, though "it is questionable whether a description of a registered organization without this property and an associated Identifier class will be of any value" [rov:]
• This is a sub-property of adms:identifier, and should be an adms:Identifier pointing to an official ebg:IdentifierSystem. So it holds redundant information, but this is done for compatibility with the Registered Organization vocabulary.

registered site/address^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#hasRegisteredSite

Scope Notes:

• org:hasRegisteredSite leads to a node with types org:Site and locn:Address that has self-link org:siteAddress.

role^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#role

site's address^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#siteAddress

Scope Notes:

• EBG doesn't need the distinction between org:Site and locn:Address, so we use one node having both types, and a self-link org:siteAddress

site/address^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/org#hasSite

Scope Notes:

• org:hasSite leads to a node with types org:Site & locn:Address that has self-link org:siteAddress. org:hasRegisteredSite is declared a sub-property of org:hasSite, so querying by org:hasSite will obtain all addresses.

status^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/regorg#orgStatus

Scope Notes:

• A Best Practice for recording status levels is to use the relevant jurisdiction's terms and to encode these in a SKOS Concept Scheme [rov:].
• There is no globally accepted list of company states. For Inactive, some look at hard evidence (the company has been deregistered), others at a long period of inactivity (dormant). Because of this, a user cannot assume that Active and Inactive are opposites.

Examples:

• 'Actively trading' vs 'Dormant' vs 'Unregistered' could be considered the 3 main divisions of Status.
• 'Normal Activity': does appear to have cross-border usefulness and this should be used in preference to terms like 'trading' or 'operating' [rov:].
• 'insolvent', 'bankrupt', 'in receivership': likely to mean slightly different things with different legal implications in different jurisdictions [rov:].

type^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/regorg#orgType

Scope Notes:

• In addition or alternatively to this field, ebg:orgTypeText may be used.
• The types may form a hierarchy, but each company can have maximum one value. E.g. for Italy: Società Di Capitale > Società a responsabilità limitata [ebg:]
• There is no agreed set of company types that crosses borders [rov:]. Each jurisdiction will have a limited set of recognized company types and these should be expressed in a consistent manner in a SKOS Concept Scheme [rov:]. Code lists of euBusinessGraph data providers were collected and published in the project repository.

validation rule^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#validationRule

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Can be in the form of webpage, PDF document, RDF shape, etc. Multiple values about the same validation rule are ok.

Examples:

• http://bsv-bg.com/контролни-цифри-ползвани-в-българия/ describes the BG EIK checksum algorithm in HTML
• http://www.nsi.bg/sites/default/files/konkursi/RGP_OPAK_2014_Annex_6.pdf describes the BG EIK checksum algorithm in PDF. It is by an official source, but is less convenient

web resource^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#webResource

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• http://opendata.government.bg/dataset/tbprobckn-pernctbp is the open data download site for BG TR.
• https://brra.bg is the homepage of BG TR.
• https://kbopub.economie.fgov.be/kbopub/zoeknummerform.html is the search URL for BE Banque-Carrefour des Entreprises.

website^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/url

Examples:

• For system BE Banque-Carrefour des Entreprises, <https://kbopub.economie.fgov.be/kbopub/zoeknummerform.html> with MIME type "application/x-search" is the search URL
• For system BG TR, <http://opendata.government.bg/dataset/tbprobckn-pernctbp> with language "bg" and MIME type "application/xml" is open data download in XML
• For system BG TR, <https://brra.bg> with language "bg" and MIME type "text/html" is the homepage
• http://www.comune.trento.it

wikipedia page^op back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/sameAs

Examples:

• https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trento

address area (neighbourhood/quarter)^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#addressArea

Scope Notes:

• Not likely to appear, but we have Coordinate resolution corresponding to this field.

admin region level^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://rdfdata.eionet.europa.eu/ramon/ontology/level

admin region name^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://rdfdata.eionet.europa.eu/ramon/ontology/name

alt label (trade name)^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#altLabel

Scope Notes:

• Do not emit such name if it's equal to the legal name [ebg:].
• Do not use this property to record translations of the primary legal name [rov:].
• Don't allow leading, trailing and two consecutive spaces.
• Provide a valid language tag if possible (see [iana:] for a list).

Examples:

• OpenCorporates
• PROGIENE 2.000 I PROFESSIONISTI DELL'IGIENE SRL

birth name^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/person#birthName

Examples:

• Michele Barbera

code^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://rdfdata.eionet.europa.eu/ramon/ontology/code

concept level^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#level

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

dissolution date^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/dissolutionDate

Scope Notes:

• Should have a valid XSD datatype.

Examples:

• 2010
• 2010-11
• 2010-11-18

dissolution year^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#dissolutionYear

Scope Notes:

• Used for faceting.

economic activity text^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#orgActivityText

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Such field is widely used in some countries (e.g. BG) and may include much richer info than rov:orgActivity

Examples:

• Free text = Development, exploration and production of opto-electronic systems for analogue and digital holographic recording, interferometric measurement of mechanical characteristics and biological objects at micro and macro level, refractometers, light-sensitive materials for holographic recording, blueprints of museum exhibits, artworks and collection surveys, production of holographic illustrations for students, albums, advertising, souvenirs and others, design and manufacture of holographic optical elements with a wide spectrum of applications, marketing and sale of holographic products, consulting, training and promotion of holographic methods and technologies, mediation, brokerage, and **any other activity not prohibited** by Bulgarian legislation.
• NACE = 72.19 Scientific research and development in the field of natural, medical, agricultural and technical sciences, without biotechnology

exclusion note^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#exclusionNote

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

expires^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/expires

Scope Notes:

• This may or may not be the same as the dissolution date of the company. Even when it is about the official registration, the two dates may differ, depending on business rules.

founding date^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/foundingDate

Scope Notes:

• Should have a valid XSD datatype.

Examples:

• 2010
• 2010-11
• 2010-11-18

founding year^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#foundingYear

Scope Notes:

• Used for faceting.

full address^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#fullAddress

Examples:

• Aston House, Cornwall Avenue, London N3 1LF, UK
• Via Belenzani 19, 38122, Trento

has enumerated identifiers^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isEnumerated

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• Every official register is enumerated
• Websites are not enumerated

has immutable identifiers^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isImmutable

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• Some registers encode additional information within the identifier (e.g., some identifiers encode the economic sector of the company). In these cases the identifier changes when the extra information that is encoded changes (see “Dumb vs. Intelligent Identifiers” in Section 3.1.2.5).

has persistent identifiers^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isPersistent

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Some registers “remove” identifiers when the object they relate to is no longer active, whereas the best practice is to make such identifiers Obsolete.

has unique identifiers^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isUnique

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Similar to: owl:InverseFunctionalProperty, and Wikidata Distinct Values constraint

Examples:

• Company IDs are unique in most national registers: one ID cannot identify two companies
• Person names are not unique since they are highly ambiguous
• Stock exchange tickers are unique to each exchange (but a company can buy the ticker of another, i.e. the identity may change over time)
• Websites are not unique since a website can be shared by several related companies

identifier system publisher^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/publisher

Scope Notes:

• Different functions and distributions can be considered (e.g. search or other query, per-company web resources, full download). Often but not always the issuer is also the publisher.

Examples:

• Companies House and BRC publish the UK and NO registers openly.
• DUNS numbers are not openly published.
• GLEIF publishes the GLEI openly, with a full dump that is updated regularly, which has spurned re-publishers such as http://openleis.com/ and http://glei.info.

identifier system RAL code^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#ralCode

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Used only for official registers.

is official in jurisdiction^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isOfficial

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• False for GLEI, since it is not the official register for any of the world's jurisdictions
• False for SDATI identifiers since the SDATI system is not official in Italy.
• False for Website, Twitter, Facebook in that they don't have any official status
• True for UK Company House identifiers, the official register for the GB jurisdiction

is public^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isPublic

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Most public systems (but not all) will have some Publishers, and preferably some web resources.

Examples:

• DUNS identifiers are not public, even though there are limited lookup services (e.g., https://www.dnb.com/duns-number/lookup.html). Dun and Bradstreet does not allow their use en-masse.
• Italian (IT) company identifiers are public. Even though they are not published openly, they are available for a fee, and then can be used freely

is publicly traded^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isPubliclyTraded

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

is single-valued^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isSingleValued

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Similar to owl:FunctionalProperty, and Wikidata Single Value constraint

Examples:

• Company IDs are single-valued in most national registers. If two companies merge, the recessive company ID is usually deprecated.
• Official person names are single-valued, since each person has one official name (but that can change over time).
• Stock exchange tickers are not single-valued, since a company may have several tickers for different kinds of its stock.
• Websites are not single-valued since a company may have several websites

is startup^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isStartup

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• A special section of the IT Business Register http://startup.registroimprese.it/ includes pitch, sectors and business model of startups and innovative SMEs

is state owned^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#isStateOwned

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• In many cases it's not possible to compute this attribute without access to the shareholder register, so it may be missing.

Examples:

• False for SpazioDati (a private company).
• True for the Autonomous Province of Trento (local government).
• True for the Norwegian company Statkraft (Norwegian state-owned company).

issued on^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/terms/issued

Scope Notes:

• This may or may not be the same as the Incorporation Date of the company. Even for the official registration, the two dates may differ, depending on business rules.

jurisdiction^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://dbpedia.org/ontology/jurisdiction

Scope Notes:

• For Europe, this is a country, even for Germany that has 166 separate registers (see Registration Authorities List). Many jurisdictions register foreign companies that are incorporated and fully owned in another country. EBG collects all registrations from each register and doesn't attempt to match foreign companies across jurisdictions.
• If we know the official legal ID of the company, the jurisdiction code and official ID are used to form the company URL.

Examples:

• BG has many types, including a number of European companies.
• NO has type NUF 'Norskregistrert utenlandsk foretak'.

language^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/inLanguage

Scope Notes:

• Use a valid [iana:] language code from the IETF BCP 47 standard

language^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/availableLanguage

Scope Notes:

• Currently this data is provided by SDATI, for matching company entities only.
• Deduced from languages appearing in web resources related to the organisation (e.g. corporate websites, social network accounts, etc.).
• The value should be from the [iana:] list: ISO 639-1 codes, optionally followed by region of use.

Examples:

• en
• it
• zh-CN

latitude^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/latitude

Scope Notes:

• Coordinates must be expressed in the WGS 84 system.
• If no coordinates are available, do not make a schema:GeoCoordinates node.

legal name^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/regorg#legalName

Scope Notes:

• A business may have more than one legal name, particularly in jurisdictions with more than one official language (e.g. Belgium). Some registries also treat a transliterated name as official (e.g. Онтотекст vs Ontotext) [ebg:]
• Don't allow leading, trailing and two consecutive spaces.
• Provide a legal language tag (see [iana:] for a list) if possible.

Examples:

• CHRINON LTD
• Ontotext
• PROGIENE 2.000 I PROFESSIONISTI DELL'IGIENE S.R.L. ENUNCIABILE ANCHE: PROGIENE 2.000 S.R.L.
• Онтотекст

locator designator (street number)^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#locatorDesignator

Scope Notes:

• Not likely to appear separately, but we have Coordinate resolution corresponding to this field.

Examples:

• 47A
• Polygraphia Office Center, floor 4

longitude^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/longitude

Scope Notes:

• Coordinates must be expressed in the WGS 84 system.
• If no coordinates are available, do not make a schema:GeoCoordinates node.

MIME Type^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format

Examples:

• For a Description document supporting the OpenSearch standard, use <http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearch/1.1/>
• For a search page, use the custom type "application/x-search"
• application/rdf+xml
• application/xml
• text/csv
• text/html
• text/tab-separated-values
• text/turtle

name^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/name

Scope Notes:

• Provide this since it's useful to the user. Can provide it in several languages, in which case the language tag should be specified

Examples:

• Company data
• Download
• Homepage
• Search

notation (identifier value)^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation

Scope Notes:

• Codes for Identifier Systems are issued locally by euBusinessGraph. For identifier systems published by the sole or preferred official register in a jurisdiction, we use the jurisdiction code (e.g. "BG", "GB"). For others, if the identifier system has no explicit name, we use a short mnemonic code of the publisher: - upper-case for company registers (e.g. "OCORP", "SDATI", "RAL", "EU", "BRIS"), - mixed-case for social network registers (e.g. "Twitter", "Facebook").
• Should not include leading, trailing and consecutive spaces, to facilitate exact match.
• adms:Identifier recommends that this value should be "datatyped with the identifier scheme (including the version number if appropriate)". However, we decided not to do this because: - One cannot search by exact literal value unless one also knows the datatype URL - Currently we do not plan to maintain different identifier system versions

order^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#order

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

post code^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#postCode

Scope Notes:

• If possible, a European postal code should correspond to the fixed values given in NUTS Downloads, so we can correlate it to a NUTS region.

post name (locality/city/settlement)^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#postName

Scope Notes:

• Provide a language tag if possible. If both ebg:adminUnitL6 and locn:postName are specified, they should correspond to each other.

Examples:

• Trento
• Тренто

post office box^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#poBox

preferred name^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel

Scope Notes:

• Used as a display name of the company or identifier system. For companies we usually pick one of the Registered Names (English if present, else at random). For identifier systems, we use a commonly used English name.

replacement pattern^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#replacementPattern

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• "$1$2$3" can be used together with the validationRegex "(\\d{2})-?(\\d{3})-?(\\d{4})" to extract the pure digits from a DUNS number spelled with optional dashes (e.g. "36-032-1459" -> "360321459")

status text^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#orgStatusText

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• If both Status and Status Text are present, they must express compatible values (Status Text may be a finer-granularity value).
• Include valid language tag (see [iana:] for list).

Examples:

• Dissolved
• En Liquidacion
• Inactive
• Revoked
• Situation Normale
• Πτώχευση

thoroughfare (street address)^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3.org/ns/locn#thoroughfare

Scope Notes:

• It is ok if the street number is also here, because many systems do not enter the number separately. There may be several concatenated lines, separated with newlines.

Examples:

• Polygraphia Office Center, floor 4 47A Tsarigradsko Shosse
• Via Belenzani 19

type text^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#orgTypeText

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Scope Notes:

• Because of the difficulties of standardizing Type lookup, we include a free text field
• If Type is also present, it must express the same value as Type Text.
• Include valid language tag (see [iana:] for list).

Examples:

• Private Limited Company
• Società a responsabilità limitata
• Дружество с ограничена отговорност

URL template^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#urlTemplate

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• For BE Banque-Carrefour des Entreprises, "https://kbopub.economie.fgov.be/kbopub/toonondernemingps.html?ondernemingsnummer={}" with MIME type "text/html" shows a web page for the company.
• For BR, "http://data.brreg.no/enhetsregisteret/enhet/{}" with either "application/xml" or "application/json" returns the respective MIME type using Content Negotiation
• For OCORP, 'https://opencorporates.com/companies/{}' returns company data with MIME type 'text/html'
• For OCORP, 'https://opencorporates.com/companies/{}.json' returns company data with MIME type 'application/json'
• For OCORP, 'https://opencorporates.com/companies/{}.rdf' returns company data with MIME type 'application/rdf+xml'
• For OCORP, 'https://opencorporates.com/companies/{}.xml' returns company data with MIME type 'application/xml'
• For the EU Value Added Tax (VIES) register, "http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/vies/vatResponse.html?memberStateCode=$1&number=$2" with MIME type "text/html" shows a web page for an identifier that can be parsed with ebg:validationRegex "([A-Z]{2})/(\\d+)". Here $1 is the member state code, and $2 is the national company id

validation regex^dp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#validationRegex

is defined by

http://data.businessgraph.io/ontology#

Examples:

• "([A-Z]{2})/(\\d+)" is a regex for the EU Value Added Tax (VIES) register, which consists of a member state code followed by slash and a national numeric identifier
• "(\\d{2})-?(\\d{3})-?(\\d{4})" is a regex for validating DUNS numbers that may include optional dashes in the indicated positions (e.g. "36-032-1459")
• "\\d{9}" is a simple regex for validating DUNS numbers